The lumbosacral joint (between L5 and S1 vertebrae) is strengthened by the iliolumbar ligaments. (Note: In the cervical spine, the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments thicken and combine to form the nuchal ligament). Supraspinous ligament: Connects the tips of adjacent spinous processes.Interspinous ligament: Connects the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae.Ligamentum flavum: Connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae.Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments: Long ligaments that run the length of the vertebral column, covering the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs.They can be divided into two groups those present throughout the vertebral column, and those unique to the lumbar spine. The joints of the lumbar vertebrae are supported by several ligaments. Between vertebral arches - formed by the articulation of superior and inferior articular processes from adjacent vertebrae.This is a type of cartilaginous joint, known as a symphysis. Between vertebral bodies - adjacent vertebral bodies are joined by intervertebral discs, made of fibrocartilage.Both of these articulations are not unique to the lumbar vertebrae, and are present throughout the vertebral column. There are two types of joint in the lumbar spine. Fig 1.1 - Superior view of a lumbar vertebrae, showing its characteristic features. This article will look at the osteology of the lumbar vertebrae, examining their characteristic features, joints and their clinical correlations. This supports the lumbar spine in its main function as a weight bearing structure. It is made up of five distinct vertebrae, which are the largest of the vertebral column. The lumbar spine is the third region of the vertebral column, located in the lower back between the thoracic and sacral vertebral segments. Fig 1.0 - Overview of the location of the lumbar vertebrae It has a notably large vertebral body and transverse processes as it carries the weight of the entire upper body. The fifth lumbar vertebrae, L5, has some distinctive characteristics of its own. Mammillary processes can be found on the posterior surface of each superior articular process. They act as sites of attachment for deep back muscles.They act as sites of attachment for deep back muscles. Accessory processes can be found on the posterior aspect of the base of each transverse process.Articular processes have nearly vertical facets.Transverse processes are long and slender.Other features of a typical lumbar vertebrae: The vertebral foramen is triangular in shape. The vertebral foramen provides for passage of the spinal cord. Arising from the vertebral arch are the transverse, spinous, superior articular, and inferior articular processes. The arch is formed by the paired pedicles and paired laminae. They are deeper anteriorly than posteriorly, producing the lumbosacral angle (the angle between the long axis of the lumbar region and that of the sacrum). A typical vertebra consists of a body and a vertebral arch. The vertebral bodies are large and kidney-shaped. This report will explains some important normal anatomic features of the lumbar spine and sacrum including with their musclatures and neurovascular structures.Although the lumbar vertebrae lack some of the more distinctive features of other vertebrae, there are several characteristics that help to distinguish them. In contrast to thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra has a wide disc space, sagittally oriented facets, and sufficient space between its lamina to permit a considerable range of motion. The vertebral body is the anterior portion of a vertebra and the vertebral arch is the posterior portion of it and surrounds the vertebral foramen. A typical lumbar vertebra has 2 main structures which are vertebral body and vertebral arch. The lumbar spine includes five large vertebra situated between the relatively immobile rib cage and the pelvis. The cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebra are named as the movable vertebra and the sacral and coccygeal vertebra are named as the fixed vertebra. vertebral arches and has no vertebral canal (see Fig. The spinal column is separated into the 7 cervical vertebra, the 12 thoracic vertebra, the 5 lumbar vertebra, the 5 sacral vertebra and the 4 coccygeal vertebra. l Articular processes (facets): two superior and two inferior facets for articulation with adjacent vertebrae PROPERTY OF ELSEVIER SAMPLE CONTENT - NOT FINAL.
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